Impact of the environmental protection tax on household welfare in Vietnam
Tác giả:
Hoa Nguyen Quynh; Dung Ngo Quoc; Toan Pham Ngoc; Lien Nguyen Thi Thu
Loại tài liệu:
Bài trích tạp chí
Năm xuất bản:
2023
Lĩnh vực nghiên cứu:
Các lĩnh vực khác
Nguồn trích:
Tạp chí
Tóm tắt: In 2010, Vietnam promulgated the Law on Environmental Protection Tax,
introducing a comprehensive package of environmental levies. However, few stu
dies have examined the impacts of such an environmental tax within the country.
This study aims to explore the effects of the environmental protection tax, leading
to higher fuel prices, on household welfare in Vietnam. Using data from the 2020
Household Living Standard Survey and an input-output approach, this paper finds
that the total impact is relatively modest. Interestingly, the results reveal a non-
linear relationship between the total effects of rising fuel prices and per capita
expenditure. Households in the top quintile are the most affected, followed by
those in the third and bottom quintiles. Geographically, wealthier urban households
and poorer rural households are primarily affected. These findings suggest that
increasing the environmental protection tax on petroleum products could be an
effective measure to nudge households’ and producers’ demands toward a greener
economy. Simultaneously, mitigating any adverse impacts on household welfare is
crucial, particularly for poor households in rural areas. Possible solutions include (i)
direct and indirect financial subsidies; (ii) clear public communication about the
rationale behind an environmental tax on petroleum; (iii) promoting efficient fuel
use and launching campaigns to adjust households’ and producers’ demand for fuel
products, encouraging a shift from fossil fuels to greener energy alternatives.
Từ khóa:
Petroleum Input-output analysis Household welfare Vietnam Environmental protection tax
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